The Challenges of Secularism and Governance in Nepal

NEPAL, December 9, 2024 (Vivekananda International Foundation, by Hari Bansh Jha): Nepal, a nation with deep-rooted cultural traditions, was declared a secular state in 2008 after centuries as a Hindu kingdom. This transformation, driven by ideals of equality and inclusivity, was expected to unify the country’s various religious and cultural groups. Instead, secularism has led to growing discontent, particularly among the majority who feel that their cultural practices and beliefs have been increasingly sidelined. The secular state promised equal respect for all religions, but many believe it has emboldened minority groups to challenge long-standing cultural norms and practices. For example, certain minority groups have held events that publicly disregard cultural sensitivities, such as consuming beef near sacred sites and disrupting religious processions. Such actions have provoked strong reactions and protests from the majority, who feel their beliefs and practices are not receiving due respect under the current system. The frustration over these incidents has led to a surge of protests, with calls from many Nepalese to return to a governance structure that better safeguards their cultural values.

Adding to the tensions over secularism are significant economic grievances. A major issue is the prevalence of exploitative lending practices, particularly in rural areas where access to formal banking is limited. Further complicating the economic landscape is the widespread mismanagement and fraud in Nepal’s cooperative sector. The weak governance structure, aggravated by secularism, has led to mounting discontent, particularly among those who feel that the state’s neutrality on cultural matters has made it ineffective in safeguarding national traditions. This growing dissatisfaction has resulted in calls for a return to Nepal’s former governance structure, where cultural values held a more central place. A significant portion of the public believes that restoring the monarchy could provide the stability needed to protect Nepal’s identity and address the economic and social grievances that the current system has struggled to resolve.

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https://www.vifindia.org/2024/december/09/the-challenges-of-secularism-and-governance-in-nepal